Carry out safety ideology education and safety rules and regulations training to improve operators’ safety awareness.
Implement post training on safety knowledge and safety technical disclosure. Personnel in charge of production safety and special operators must hold certificates to take posts.
Promote standardized safety operation procedures and implement work permit approval system in strict accordance with safety operation regulations.
Arrange production plans rationally to ensure operators rest adequately and maintain a sound working state.
Promote the application of new processes, new technologies, new equipment and new materials, invest sufficient safety measures funds to improve on-site working conditions.
Conduct safety technical research, equip safety protection devices and physically isolate dangerous parts.
Select safety protection appliances, mechanical equipment and fittings that meet national and industrial standards.
Establish a long-term mechanism for investigation and control of potential safety accidents, carry out regular safety inspections and rectify hidden dangers in a timely manner.
Promote the construction of “Safe Construction Sites”, conduct regular safety evaluations of construction projects, and continuously optimize safety management performance.
Risk assessment workflow: Preliminary preparation → On-site investigation → Overall risk assessment → Special risk assessment → Compilation of risk assessment report → Review of risk assessment report.
Assessment stage division
Overall risk assessment: Take engineering projects, main structures with independent use functions and operation units as assessment objects, determine the overall risk level combined with engineering characteristics, geological conditions, meteorological and hydrological conditions, so as to provide a basis for project organization and implementation and construction organization design.
Special risk assessment: Take operation activities and construction sections as assessment objects, covering the whole construction process, to provide technical support for the compilation and improvement of special construction plans.
Risk level classification: Low risk (Level I), General risk (Level II), Relatively high risk (Level III), Major risk (Level IV).
Selection of assessment methods
Overall risk assessment: Adopt expert investigation method and index system method.
Special risk assessment: Adopt safety checklist method, LEC method, expert investigation method, index system method and risk matrix method. Two or more methods can be used for comparison and verification.
Risk control: Formulate hierarchical control measures according to risk assessment results and acceptance criteria (negligible, acceptable, undesirable, unacceptable), and clarify control responsibilities and persons in charge.
Emergency plan system composition
Comprehensive project emergency plan: Compiled by the construction unit as the overall work plan for various production safety accidents.
Special emergency plan for contract section construction: Compiled by the construction unit for specific accidents in unit works and divided works.
On-site disposal plan: Compiled by the construction unit for on-site emergency disposal measures of specific parts, operation links and facilities, highlighting self-rescue and mutual rescue of teams.
Compilation steps of emergency plans: Establish a compilation team → Collect data → Risk assessment → Survey emergency resources → Compile emergency plans → Review → Issue.
Contents of special emergency plan for contract section construction: Scope of application, risk event description, emergency organization, disposal procedure, disposal measures, emergency plan management.
Contents of on-site disposal plan: Risk event description, emergency job responsibilities, disposal measures, precautions, emergency disposal card.
The operation unit, personnel, ships, marine facilities or inland floating facilities meet the requirements for safe navigation, mooring and operation.
A special plan for underwater and in-water operations or activities has been compiled.
Have safeguard measures, emergency plans and responsibility systems that meet water traffic safety and ship pollution prevention requirements.
Written application form.
Qualification certificates of the applicant and handler.
Operation or activity plan (including project overview, schedule, construction drawings, operation mode, affected water area, participating ships and personnel, relevant approval documents).
Operation safeguard plan, emergency plan and responsibility system document.
Change of ships, marine facilities and inland floating facilities indicated in the license: Apply for change to the original licensing authority; no operation before completion of formalities.
Change of operation unit, content and water area: Reapply for the operation license.
License cancellation circumstances: Suspension of operation, no commencement for more than 3 months, early completion, reissuance of license, force majeure making operation impossible.
Shore power connection for water construction: Distribution lines and electrical equipment shall implement three-phase five-wire system with special distribution box.
Leakage protector for switch box: Rated leakage action current ≤30mA, action time ≤0.1s; splash-proof type for wet and corrosive places, current ≤15mA, time ≤0.1s.
Leakage protector for main distribution box: Rated leakage action current >30mA, action time >0.1s, and the product of current and time ≤30mA·s.
Compilation contents: Compilation basis, project overview, scope of application, on-site survey results, power capacity statistics and load calculation, power distribution equipment selection, power distribution system design, grounding and lightning protection device layout, management organization, electricity safety and fire prevention measures, emergency rescue plan.
Approval procedure: Compiled by electrical technicians → Reviewed by technical and safety departments → Approved by the company’s technical principal; major changes shall go through the procedure again.
Implementation requirements: Special safety technical disclosure shall be given to on-site operators before implementation.
Set obvious safety warning signs in the piling area; non-operators and non-operation ships are prohibited from entering.
Pile frame operation shall comply with high-altitude safety specifications; operators go up and down along ladders or elevator cages.
Adopt anti-skid measures for pile hoisting; no diagonal pulling or hook crossing; operators are strictly prohibited from entering under the pile cap or between the pile and slideway.
Pile hammer, cap and lifting hook shall be landed or fixed after operation; guardrails, cover plates and warning signs shall be set for pile holes below ground or pipe piles not higher than 0.8m on land.
The number and position of lifting points meet design requirements; binding deviation ≤200mm.
Slow amplitude variation for inclined pile positioning, not exceeding equipment limits.
Insulation value of electric vibratory hammer ≥0.5MΩ; intact cable insulation.
Reasonably control the penetration depth of water jet nozzle; no excessive one-time insertion.
Elevator cage can be lifted only after returning to horizontal position and inserting fixing pins.
Anchor cables shall not trip piles during ship moving; warning signs above water shall be set for submerged pile tops.
Slow and uniform hook lifting during pile erecting; take preventive measures against pile sliding, steel pipe pile floating and piping.
Guide pile frame and working platform shall be set for suspended pile hammer piling; safety railings on the outer side; clamp piles timely after piling.
Keep stable during component overturning; control lifting height; no rapid overturning.
Use control ropes for large component hoisting; operators shall not directly push or pull components.
Angle between lifting rope and horizontal plane ≥45°; operators avoid exposed steel bars.
Suspend for inspection when large components are lifted 200~500mm off the ground.
Adopt slow lifting; no sudden braking; no long-term suspension of components.
Compile special plans and carry out typical construction for large and complex components.
Reinforce beams, slabs and fender components affected by wind and waves immediately after installation.
Reliable automatic unhooking for wave-dissipating blocks; no collision during hoisting; no standing on special-shaped blocks.
Caisson installation conditions: wind ≤6 grade, wave height ≤0.8m, flow velocity ≤1.0m/s; water filling after stress of lifting rope; hoisting weight ≤80% rated load; warning signs at the top.
Regular inspection, maintenance and replacement of ship equipment, safety devices and rigging.
Anti-skid devices on decks, passages and operation sites; temporary safety ropes under heavy waves or freezing weather.
Springboards and safety nets for boarding; special supervision and lifebuoys for soft ladders.
Select anchor type, weight and cables according to soil, water depth, current and wind direction; special command for anchoring, avoiding underwater facilities and restricted areas.
No sudden braking during cable releasing; no mooring on unformed wharves and piers.
Chain sunken cables for inland river construction; ship axis consistent with water flow in high velocity sections; special plan for cross-current mooring.
Check clearance, width, water depth and velocity before crossing bridge holes and overhead pipelines; special communication supervision in narrow waterways.
Cut off power and hang “No Closing” sign during maintenance.
Equip special fire-fighting equipment near distribution boards.
Special supervision for live working; no random wiring, adding electrical appliances or overloading.
Mobile lamp voltage ≤50V; overload and short-circuit protection.
Reliable grounding for shore power connection; good ventilation in battery rooms, no sundries, warning signs.
Formulate special safety rules; equip ventilation, anti-virus, first aid and oxygen breathing equipment.
Fully ventilate and detect air quality before operation; external supervision and smooth communication.
Oxygen measurement, tank cleaning and explosion detection before hot work; no oxygen ventilation; gas cylinders and welding machines outside enclosed space.
Wear corresponding protective equipment when contacting toxic substances.
Control lifting speed; no standing on ladders; anti-skid steps and safety nets below.
Keep regular lookout; vertical lifting rope for drag head; check immediately in case of abnormality.
No sharp large-angle turning; adjust course under strong wind and current.
Special supervision and special tools for removing debris.
Control speed during mud dumping; reserve sufficient water depth in shallow areas; keep balance during reclamation.
Stop reclamation and remove pipelines under severe conditions; special management of mud concentration monitor.
Sink steel piles after anchoring; no lateral movement with double piles; no approaching personnel during pile lifting.
Stable discharge pipe mouth with warning signs; evacuate personnel before starting mud pump.
Turn off power, lock insurance and drain water when removing obstacles; special supervision.
No pile adjustment for short-distance moving; lay down and fix piles for long-distance transfer; warning signs every 50m for floating pipes.
Anchor and moor when stopping work due to wind and waves; no pile sinking.
Warn before operation; no entering operation radius; no collision during grab moving.
No sudden braking during grab falling; control speed in strongly weathered rock; no forced closing or overloading.
Stop immediately when catching unknown objects; remove faults in case of cable winding; no climbing suspended grabs.
Cut off power and hang signs during maintenance; fix grabs during overhaul; use cranes for heavy parts.
Familiarize with hoisting plan and command signals before operation; guide barges to select mooring positions.
Check lifting hook, arm, brake and safety devices before hoisting.
Leave operation site after hoisting; fix lifting hook.
Obey unified command during pile hoisting, erecting and positioning; stable objects on frame, guardrails and anti-skid devices.
Anti-falling device and lifting switch for elevator cage; no starting winch during pile hammer maintenance.
Slow cable operation; no entering 10m on both sides of cables.
Springboards meet strength and rigidity requirements; flexible and firm moving and fixing devices.
Check safety of working conditions before loading; calculate without similar construction cases.
Anchor according to hydrometeorological conditions; submerge water area meets depth requirements; check equipment, clean deck and close watertight devices before submerging.
Unified command during submerging and floating; control wind, wave height and flow velocity within indicators.
Loosen control cables slowly when moving floating objects; no collision; control inclination angle.
Watertight buoyancy reserve compartment; no articles stored.
Comprehensive inspection of engines, rudders, anchor cables, communications, watertight, plugging, drainage and life-saving equipment before strong wind season; rectify hidden dangers immediately.
Listen to weather forecasts regularly; prepare for shutdown in advance; strengthen lookout during monsoon.
Prevent wind and current pressure for navigating ships to avoid collision and stranding; prevent cable breaking, pile breaking and mud bucket derailment for moored ships.
Shut down for shelter according to wind resistance capacity in excessive wind and waves.
Tropical depression: Grade 6~7 (10.8~17.1m/s)
Tropical storm: Grade 8~9 (17.2~24.4m/s)
Severe tropical storm: Grade 10~11 (24.5~32.6m/s)
Typhoon: Grade 12~13 (32.7~41.4m/s)
Severe typhoon: Grade 14~15 (41.5~50.9m/s)
Super typhoon: Grade 16 or above (≥51m/s)
Comprehensive inspection of typhoon prevention equipment and accessories before typhoon season.
Obey unified command of maritime safety administration; establish typhoon prevention organization and file emergency plan.
Organize typhoon prevention drills; collect typhoon forecast information; select shelter anchorage and compile technical measures.
Water depth meets navigation and mooring requirements.
Located in or near construction area.
Have natural or artificial wave barriers.
Sufficient rotation area without obstacles.
Gentle flow velocity, mud or sandy soil.
Convenient communication and emergency rescue.
Inspect ship equipment damage, focusing on navigation, anchoring and mooring systems.
Return to port in order under command; no channel crossing.
Report abnormal navigation aids, sunken ships and floating objects immediately.
Summarize experience, improve typhoon prevention measures and complete aftermath.
Keep VHF monitoring and AIS on during typhoon prevention; report dangers immediately; conduct self-rescue and assist other ships under safe conditions.
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